Accents
´ | acute, as in passé |
` | grave, as in à la mode |
ˆ | circumflex, as in s’il vous plaît |
¸ | cedilla, as in Alençon |
˜ | tilde, as in São Paulo |
¨ | 1. dieresis, as in Lacoön 2. umlaut, as in Führer |
¯ | macron, as in Al-Minyā |
˘ | breve, as in Cetatea Albă |
ˇ | háček, as in Dvořák |
’ | smooth breathing |
‘ | rough breathing |
* | denoting a hypothetical or reconstructed form; used especially in etymologies |
Symbols and signs
@ | 1. at … each; used in giving a price for each individual item (as in: 6 apples @ 50 cents will cost $3) 2. at; used in email addresses following the user name and before the domain name |
& | ampersand, meaning and |
&c | et cetera; and others; and so forth; and so on |
∴ | therefore |
′ | foot; feet (as in 6′ = six feet) |
″ | inch(es) (as in 6′2″ = six feet, two inches) |
× | 1. by; used in stating dimensions (as in: a box that is 2m × 4m × 3m) 2. a sign (the cross) made in place of a signature by a person who cannot write, as in his John × Jones mark |
% | per cent |
‰ | per thousand |
< | less than |
> | more than |
# | number |
∞ | infinity |
♠ | spade (suit in cards) |
♣ | club (suit in cards) |
♥ | heart (suit in cards) |
♦ | diamond (suit in cards) |
© | copyright; copyrighted |
® | registered; registered trademark |
™ | trademark |
¶ | paragraph mark |
§ | section mark |
“ | ditto |
* | asterisk |
… | ellipsis; used to show the omission of words, letters, etc. |
† | dagger; used to refer to explanatory matter at bottom of text page |
‡ | double dagger; used for the same purpose as the dagger but for different items |
/, s | shillings |
d | pence |
£ | pounds |
$ | dollars |
¢ | cents |
€ | euros |
¥ | yen |
♀ | female |
♂ | male |